Biomarker library

Blood biomarkers for biological age

Interpret routine blood markers through the lens of biological age, metabolic health, inflammation, cardiovascular risk, and longevity.

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Metabolic health

Glucose regulation, insulin response, and long-term energy metabolism.

Fasting insulin

Fasting insulin measures how much insulin your pancreas is producing to keep glucose controlled while fasting.

uIU/mL lab-specific; interpret with glucose

Glucose

Glucose measures the amount of sugar circulating in your blood, usually after an overnight fast for routine screening.

mg/dL 70-99 mg/dL fasting

HbA1c

HbA1c estimates average blood glucose exposure over roughly the past two to three months.

% below 5.7% for non-diabetic range

Kidney function

Markers that reflect filtration, protein metabolism, and renal reserve.

BUN / urea

BUN measures urea nitrogen, a protein-breakdown waste product cleared by the kidneys.

mg/dL 6-20 mg/dL

Creatinine and eGFR

Creatinine is a waste product filtered by the kidneys; eGFR estimates kidney filtration from creatinine plus demographic factors.

mg/dL and mL/min/1.73 m2 creatinine often around 0.6-1.3 mg/dL; eGFR above 90 is generally normal

Inflammation and immune system

Signals of immune activation, chronic inflammation, and adaptive immune balance.

hs-CRP

hs-CRP measures low-grade systemic inflammation with sensitivity useful for cardiovascular and longevity context.

mg/L below 3.0 mg/L for lower cardiovascular risk category

Lymphocyte percentage

Lymphocyte percentage shows what share of white blood cells are lymphocytes, key cells in adaptive immunity.

% 20-40%

White blood cells

White blood cell count measures the total number of immune cells circulating in the blood.

10^3/uL 4.5-11.0 x 10^3/uL

Blood cells

CBC markers that describe red blood cell size, variation, and immune cell patterns.

MCV

MCV measures the average size of red blood cells and helps classify anemia patterns.

fL 80-100 fL

RDW

RDW measures how much red blood cell size varies across the sample.

% 11.5-14.5%

Cardiovascular lipids

Lipid and lipoprotein markers tied to vascular aging and cardiometabolic risk.

ApoB

ApoB estimates the number of atherogenic lipoprotein particles that can enter artery walls.

mg/dL about 50-150 mg/dL, lab dependent

HDL cholesterol

HDL cholesterol measures cholesterol carried by high-density lipoproteins, often discussed in relation to cardiovascular risk.

mg/dL above 40 mg/dL in men and above 50 mg/dL in women is often considered better

LDL cholesterol

LDL cholesterol estimates the cholesterol mass carried by low-density lipoproteins.

mg/dL risk-specific; lower is generally better for LDL-C

Triglycerides

Triglycerides are blood fats that rise with excess energy intake, alcohol, insulin resistance, and some genetic patterns.

mg/dL below 150 mg/dL

Liver and bone

Markers that can reflect liver function, bone turnover, and nutritional state.

Albumin

Albumin is the main protein in blood plasma and reflects liver production, nutrition, inflammation, and fluid balance.

g/dL 3.4-5.4 g/dL

Alkaline phosphatase

Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme found mainly in liver, bile ducts, and bone.

U/L 44-147 U/L

Micronutrients and stores

Nutrient status markers that influence blood cells, immunity, recovery, and aging biology.

Ferritin

Ferritin reflects stored iron, but it can rise during inflammation because it also behaves as an acute-phase reactant.

ng/mL lab-specific and sex-specific

Vitamin D

The 25-hydroxyvitamin D blood test estimates vitamin D status for bone, immune, and metabolic context.

ng/mL 20 ng/mL or higher is generally adequate for many healthy people; thresholds vary by authority

How this library fits SuperAge

These reference pages do not replace medical advice. They give you a structured way to understand the biomarkers that appear in routine blood tests, PhenoAge, KDM, and longevity-focused tracking.

For a deeper testing strategy, start with the blood-test guide, then use the calculators to see how key biomarkers influence a biological-age estimate.

Read the blood-test guide PhenoAge and KDM guide